Resumo
Objetivo – Este artigo examina como o trabalho institucional dos agentes indutores e a disseminação do conhecimento entre os atores imersos induzidos influenciaram a adesão aos padrões de governança nos clusters industriais brasileiros.
Enquadramento teórico – Utilizamos a teoria institucional para enquadrar as relações entre empresas incorporadas através de pilares regulatórios, normativos e cognitivo-culturais e a visão de agentes de campo envolvidos no trabalho institucional, que partilham conhecimentos para induzir a adesão aos padrões de governação.
Desenho/metodologia/abordagem – Adotamos um desenho de pesquisa de métodos mistos, examinando 96 empresas em três clusters industriais brasileiros. Usamos a análise WABA para testar nosso modelo dentro e entre clusters usando testes ANOVA unilaterais, e testamos nossas hipóteses usando correlações identificadas em testes t entre amostras independentes e regressão linear múltipla para construir o modelo.
Constatações – As conclusões revelam que o trabalho institucional afeta a disseminação do conhecimento em vários níveis, influenciando a adesão das empresas aos padrões de governança de cluster. Mostramos que a menor adesão aos novos padrões de governança pode ser explicada pela falta de internalização do conhecimento difundido. As estruturas institucionais que existiam historicamente antes da implementação da governação formal prevalecem sobre as novas, uma vez que o conhecimento difundido nestes clusters tende a manter as actuais condições económicas e institucionais, com pouco apoio à criação de novas instituições.
Implicações práticas e sociais da investigação – Os aspectos cognitivos da internalização do conhecimento explícito, eficaz e institucional sugerem que a sua disseminação influencia a adesão das empresas aos padrões de governação do cluster industrial.
Originalidade/valor – Pouca atenção tem sido dada à forma como a disseminação do conhecimento e o trabalho institucional podem levar à criação e adesão a padrões de governação de clusters industriais; e a disseminação do conhecimento é mais eficaz quando as relações sociais são incluídas no modelo de análise.
Palavras-chave – Trabalho institucional. Disseminação de conhecimento. Aglomerados industriais. Padrões de governança. Microfundamentos da institucionalização.
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